The five types of cyber security include:

• Infrastructure security – protects vital infrastructure, including data centers or communication bases, without which your organization cannot continue functioning
• Information security – protects your business data from leaking, being stolen, or destroyed
• Network security – protects your network by denying access to any device or person attempting to join or access network data without proper clearance
• Application security – encompasses various processes regarding the development and use of technologies to protect or discover vulnerabilities in your application software
• Internet of Things(IoT) security – includes the cyber security of machines, devices, and objects (things)

Implementing all five types of cyber security into the cyber security systems of a business requires technically capable staff and regulated protocols.

Cyber security was traditionally used in government, medical, financial, military, and corporate organizations. These organizations handle sensitive data that could cause incomprehensible damage if compromised.  However, in recent years, private businesses and companies have started implementing cyber security measures as well due to the advent of new and more dangerous cyber threats.  While several organizations choose to employ in-house teams to develop cyber security techniques, software, and technologies, third party private cyber security firms offer similar services in a cost effective manner.

Cyber security encompasses a range of technologies and programs designed to provide data protection, deny access to unauthorized third-party devices, search for vulnerabilities within cyber security systems, scan for potential threats, and more. Each type of cyber security works differently, but they share the same end goal – maintaining the vital functions by eliminating threats to the systems they were designed to protect.

• Infrastructure security encrypts critical files, builds robust firewalls, and preserves communication lines
• Introducing passwords, user identification, and fingerprint scanners are in the domain of information security
• Analyzing access points, developing and utilizing antivirus programs, and controlling access are network security measures. 
• Ethical hacking, or pen-testing, in all of its forms, is an example of application security
• Internet of Things cyber security prevents Denial of Service attacks, fends off botnets, and shields against firmware attacks.

Cyber security consulting is the process of bringing in third party experts to analyze and improve your company’s security posture. The cybersecurity consultant creates tailored cyber security solutions to the needs of an individual company. Every business is beset by different predispositions in terms of system vulnerabilities, staff that may be poorly educated about cyber security measures and systems, or outdated system technologies.  IT security consultants analyze each of these aspects and design a package that can optimize the company’s cyber defenses.

Data protection measures safeguard critical information from theft, corruption, or loss. It becomes progressively more important as information accumulates. Nodes of information are often interconnected; losing or rendering even one data store could result in the loss or corruption of all connected parts. Stolen data can be used for blackmailing or ransom; corrupted files can destroy years of work, resulting in significant losses of time and money.

Moreover, many industries today have to comply with government data regulations and protect customer data from misuse. Companies and organizations rely on advanced data protection to detect and repel an ever-increasing number of cyber threats, and to have reliable backups in case of emergency.

An IT security audit is an examination of an organization's information technology infrastructure and operations with the goal of identifying vulnerabilities and risks that could impact the security of the infrastructure and its data. The audit also assesses the organization's compliance with applicable security standards and regulations.

Data privacy means restricting access to personal data (e.g., name, address, social security number, credit card number, and health data) and protecting it from unlawful use or access.

The protection goals of information security are to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.